一、概說(shuō)
連詞是一種虛詞,用于連接單詞、短語(yǔ)、從句或句子,在句子中不單獨(dú)用作句子成分。連詞按其性質(zhì)可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語(yǔ)、從句或句子,如and, but, or, for等;從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句等)和狀語(yǔ)從句(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句等),引出名詞性從句的連詞如that, whether等,引出狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列連詞的用法
1. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類(lèi)連詞主要有 but, yet 等。如:
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who. 有人借了我的鋼筆,但我不記得是誰(shuí)了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他說(shuō)他是我們的朋友,但卻不肯幫助我們。
2. 表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類(lèi)連詞主要有 for, so 等。如:
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 這孩子咳得很利害,所以他媽媽帶他去看醫(yī)生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你們一定要克服粗枝大葉,因?yàn)榇种Υ笕~常常引起嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。
注意:for表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首,也不能單獨(dú)使用。
3. 表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類(lèi)連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等。如:
He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他沒(méi)去,她也沒(méi)去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天氣很溫暖,不冷也不熱。
Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問(wèn)題。
It is important for you as well as for me. 這對(duì)你和對(duì)我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。